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Meds That Treat Anxiety

Anxiety affects 40 million people in the United States. There are a variety of medications available to treat anxiety.

SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) and SNRIs (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors), like Zoloft, Prozac, Lexapro and Effexor, work to alleviate anxiety by raising levels of the chemical serotonin in the brain. They're not addictive, unlike benzodiazepines.

SSRIs

The most commonly used anxiety medication is selective serotonin inhibits (SSRIs), including citalopram, escitalopram, and fluoxetine. These medications also help with depression, and can ease symptoms associated with other anxiety disorders, like obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). It can take up one month for them to start working.

These drugs work by boosting the amount of certain chemical messengers within the brain, including serotonin and norepinephrine. They're usually the first treatment option for anxiety, though doctors may also prescribe other kinds of antidepressants as well as benzodiazepines.

Another class of antidepressants known as serotonin and norepinephrine-reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) such as duloxetine (Cymbalta) and venlafaxine (Effexor), are also used to treat anxiety. They differ from SSRIs since they reduce norepinephrine but at a lower level than SSRIs. These medicines take a long time to be effective and are more expensive than SSRIs.

Tricyclic antidepressants like imipramine Tofranil are effective in treating anxiety disorders. Their drowsiness, along with other side effects make them less popular. Another form of antidepressant is monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are also able to be used to treat anxiety. However, their strict dietary restrictions and high risk of toxicity restrict their use.

Benzodiazepines are frequently used to treat anxiety and panic attacks in the short-term, such as when waiting for SSRIs or SNRIs to kick in. These medications can cause addiction to tolerance, sedation, and dependence, as well as withdrawal symptoms such a rebound anxiety, depression, and delirium. Common benzodiazepines include alprazolam (Xanax) as well as clonazepam (Klonopin) and lorazepam (Ativan).

Therapy is an important part of a ketamine treatment for anxiety plan for anxiety as it can help you understand your symptoms and their root causes. Many people discover that medication and therapy both aid in coping. Certain studies have proven that cognitive behavioral therapy can be just as effective as medication for anxiety. Talk with your physician about your options and which is the best treatment for social anxiety option for you.

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines have a calming affect they reduce anxiety and relax muscles that are tight. They also alleviate symptoms of fear-related bodily arousal (like heart rate, trembling and shaking) and help promote sleep.

They work by binding to inhibitory neurons, for example GABA or gamma aminobutryic acids, at receptors within the central nervous system. They increase the effects of GABA by facilitating the inhibitory effect of GABA on other neurotransmitters, and decreasing the amount of messages sent to amygdala. It is a part of the brain that evaluates threats and produces a feeling of fear.

These drugs can be used for short durations of time, such as when a panic attack occurs or if you are experiencing severe stomach anxiety treatment. They can help relieve symptoms in 30 to 60 minutes. In contrast to SSRIs they don't stay in the body for very long. They're fast-acting and can work within a few hours. This makes them perfect for situations where rapid relief is required (such for instance, during a flight or before a presentation in public).

As they can be addictive, people are usually prescribed for up to four weeks at a go. They also lose their effectiveness after a period of time.

One of the reasons why benzodiazepines are so well-known is that they are safe and have few side effects compared to their predecessors like barbiturates and meprobamate. They have a rapid time to begin their action and are very effective as anxiolytics (anti-anxiety), sedatives, anticonvulsants and as muscle relaxants.

Benzos were blamed for negative attitudes towards anxiety that were developed in the 1970s and 80s which included the reduction of the disorder, and the perception that benzodiazepine treatments can lead to physical dependence. However, benzodiazepines continue to play a major role in the treatment of anxiety disorders, especially when they are combined with psychosocial interventions like cognitive behavioral therapy or interpersonal therapies.

Benzos may interact with other medications and cause undesirable side effects, like drowsiness or confusion. It's important to let your doctor know about any other prescription, non-prescription or herbal medicines you're currently contemplating or are taking. Go through the British National Formulary A to Z list of medication interactions to find out what medicines are safe to take with benzodiazepines.

Antidepressants

Antidepressants can help ease anxiety and other mental health issues. According to the Anxiety and Depression Association of America, antidepressants -- like SSRIs and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) -- can help reduce chronic anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), panic disorders and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The FDA has approved antidepressants for other health issues, such as eating disorders, bipolar disorder, and certain types of pain.

Most doctors prescribe SSRIs as a first-line treatment for anxiety, but these medications might not be suitable for all people. If they don't work doctors can look at the more traditional antidepressant known as tricyclic or tetracyclic an antidepressant. These include amitriptyline and nortriptyline, as well as clomipramine. These antidepressants aren't as common but still readily available. Your doctor may prescribe the sedating antidepressant Trazodone (Desyrel) in lower doses to treat anxiety or insomnia.

Other antidepressants that can help include Nefazodone (Ferdinand) and duloxetine (Cymbalta). They are also available in generic form. If they aren't working, your physician might suggest a sedating antidepressant mirtazapine (Remeron) or the antipsychotics olanzapine and quetiapine.

Beta blockers are used to treat other anxiety disorders. They lower blood pressure and heart rate by blocking adrenaline. These drugs aren't usually used to treat anxiety on their own however they can be helpful when combined with psychotherapy.

Psychotherapy can help you change negative thoughts and behaviors that cause anxiety. It can teach you to manage your anxiety and teach you how to cope. Depending on your health condition, you could be treated with cognitive behavioural therapy or exposure therapy. Cognitive behavioural therapy can help you learn to challenge unhelpful thoughts, fears and the fear of situations that trigger anxiety. Exposure therapy is the process of increasing the intensity of anxiety provoking situations until they can be managed. This can be done individually or in small groups. In both instances, it takes time to achieve results. A combination of medications and psychological therapy is the best treatment for anxiety uk option for some individuals. Some people find that medication alone is sufficient to treat symptoms. It's crucial to tell your doctor about the things you're doing to manage your symptoms.

Other Medications

While antidepressants and benzodiazepines are the most commonly prescribed medications to treat anxiety, other medications can help alleviate your symptoms too. Beta blockers, antihistamines and buspirone are all prescribed to reduce anxiety.

These medications can help ease your symptoms, by lowering or blocking the signals that trigger stress and fear. But, they're not a cure all. You'll need to do things to reduce anxiety, including exercises relaxation techniques, relaxation techniques and psychotherapy.

Your doctor might first prescribe one of the "first choices" anxiety medication, which includes SSRIs and SNRIs. These are the most effective drugs to treat anxiety (this site) disorders, according to research studies. The most commonly used SSRIs include sertraline (Zoloft), fluoxetine (Prozac), citalopram (Celexa) and escitalopram (Lexapro). These medications may have minor adverse effects, like insomnia or nausea, but they usually subside within 4-8 weeks. Contrary to benzodiazepines they're not addictive and won't increase the risk of suicidal thoughts.

The benzodiazepines, alprazolam (Xanax) as well as Clonazepam (Klonopin) and diazepoxide (Valium) provide immediate relief for panic attacks and anxiety however they can also cause negative effects such as dizziness, drowsiness, memory and coordination problems, and dependence. They're a less popular choice than the older barbiturates, but they're just as efficient.

Antihistamines such as Vistaril (hydroxyzine) were initially designed to help with allergies. However, they are also used to alleviate anxiety symptoms. Hydroxyzine blocks histamine receptors in the brain and can cause a calming effect. It's not a controlled drug, so it doesn't have the same dangers of addiction like benzodiazepines.

Another type of medication that may help with anxiety is a class called anticonvulsants. They've been shown to ease anxiety by inhibiting the release and production of dopamine and serotonin. These medications can be prescribed as a part of a combination therapy or to treat anxiety in the short term. Your doctor will assess your health history and symptoms to determine if these medications are appropriate for you. They'll also discuss how long you should be taking them and any possible side effects. Anxiety medications can only be purchased with a prescription, so you'll need to see a psychiatrist before you can get these medications.